What to Do If Your Husband Abuses You: A Legal Guide to Domestic Violence in India
Updated: Oct 26
In a perfect world, every relationship would be built on love, respect, and trust. Unfortunately, domestic violence remains a distressing reality for many women, including those in India. If you find yourself in a situation where your husband hits you, it is crucial to take immediate action to protect yourself and seek the necessary support. In this article, we will discuss the steps you can take, in accordance with Indian laws, to ensure your safety and well-being.
1. Prioritise Your Safety
Your safety should be your top priority if you experience physical abuse from your husband. Consider the following actions:
Call the Police: If you are in immediate danger, dial the emergency helpline number in India, which is 112. The police can provide protection and intervene in situations where violence is occurring.
Reach Out to Trusted Friends and Family: Inform someone you trust about the situation. They can offer emotional support and help you access additional resources.
Create a Safety Plan: Develop a safety plan that includes identifying safe areas in your home, keeping essential documents (passport, identification, bank statements) in a secure place, and having a bag packed with necessities in case you need to leave quickly.
2. Seek Medical Attention
After an incident of physical abuse, it is crucial to seek medical attention for any injuries sustained. Visit a hospital or consult a doctor to ensure your injuries are properly documented. Medical records can serve as essential evidence if legal action is taken against your husband.
3. Report the Abuse to the Police
In India, the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 ("DV Act") gives a woman civil remedies against abuse in a domestic relationship. Separately, cruelty by a husband or his relatives is a criminal offence under Section 85 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 ("BNS"), which replaced Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code with effect from 1 July 2024. Causing hurt, criminal intimidation and dowry demands are also offences under the BNS and the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961.
You can report the abuse at your local police station. Under Section 173 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 ("BNSS"), information about a cognizable offence can be given at any police station, regardless of where the incident took place (a "Zero FIR"), and can also be given electronically. Ask for a free copy of the FIR.
Ensure that you provide a detailed account of the incidents, along with any evidence you may have, such as photographs, medical records, or witness statements. Remember, it is your right to seek protection and justice.
4. Seek Protection and Other Orders under the DV Act
An application under Section 12 of the DV Act can be filed before the Magistrate, either directly or through the Protection Officer of your district. The Magistrate can pass protection orders restraining further violence (Section 18), residence orders protecting your right to live in the shared household (Section 19), monetary relief including maintenance and medical expenses (Section 20), temporary custody of children (Section 21) and compensation (Section 22). Where urgent, interim and ex parte orders can be passed under Section 23.
The DV Act is not limited to physical violence. It also recognises sexual, verbal, emotional and economic abuse as domestic violence.
5. Seek Legal Assistance
A lawyer experienced in matrimonial and domestic violence matters can help you understand your rights, prepare your complaint and application, and represent you before the Magistrate. If you cannot afford a private lawyer, free legal aid is available through the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) and, in Delhi, the Delhi State Legal Services Authority (DSLSA) and its district legal services authorities.
6. Access Support from Helplines and NGOs
Several helplines and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in India provide support to survivors of domestic violence. Organizations like the National Commission for Women (NCW), the Women's Helpline (181), and local NGOs offer counseling, legal advice, and shelter options. Their trained professionals can guide you through the process and provide you with the necessary resources to regain control of your life.
Experiencing abuse at the hands of your husband is an extremely distressing situation, but you are not alone and support is available. By prioritising your safety, documenting your injuries, reporting the abuse, applying for orders under the DV Act and seeking legal and emotional support, you can take steps towards a safer future.
Remember, you deserve to be treated with respect and dignity. Do not hesitate to reach out for help, as there are people and resources ready to support you through this challenging time.
Last updated: 26 October 2026. This article is for general information only and does not constitute legal advice.
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